Hîncești District

Hîncești is a district (Moldovan: raion) of Moldova, with the administrative center at Hîncești. As of 1 January 2011, its population was 122,000.

History

The district has been inhabited since the Stone Age (40–30000 years BC). On the territory of present localities Rusca and Anina were discovered, many cemeteries settlements pertaining to native culture Getae (4th-3rd centuries BC). Localities with the earliest historical attestation are Secăreni, Leușeni, Lăpușna, Ciuciuleni, they are first attested in the period 1420-1430. Fifteenth -eighteenth centuries, Hincesti district is part of the Land Lăpușna. Tirgul Lăpușnei (Lapusna) is the administrative center, headed by a Pârcălab (Governor). Lăpușna existed as fair in 14th century, but documents show it since the first half of 15th century. By Lapusna passed a branch of the Moldovan Road, linking economic centers of Transylvania and Poland to the North Pontic cities, the branch that went on over the Danube, in Dobrogea, to Constantinople. Lăpușna Fair was a resting place for merchants everywhere, they pay a small customs here, besides the great customs from abroad. In 1489, Lăpușna is expressly recorded as fair, thereby underlining its economic importance. After the conquest of Cetatea Albă, and Chilia of the Turks, and Bugeac by Noha Tatars, the southern border of Moldova is to be moved farther north, closer to the land. Lăpușna has served as a resting place and rest many foreign travelers, officials, missionaries, ambassadors, merchants. On October 6, 1557 polish hetman Zolkiewscki accompanied by chronicler Erasmus Otwinowski. In 1570, Andrei Taranovski Polish traveler visit fair. In 1589, an envoy from Brașov, is the Lăpușna with commercial affairs. In April 1602, a Polish deputation, headed by Lavrin Piaseczynski. In 1812, after the Russo-Turkish War (1806-1812), is the occupation of Basarabia, Russian Empire during this period (1812–1917), there is an intense russification of the native population. In 1918 after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Bessarabia united with Romania in this period (1918-1940, 1941-1944), the district is part of the Lăpușna County. In 1940 after Molotov-Ribbentrop Treaty, Basarabia is occupied by the USSR. In 1991 as a result of the proclamation of Independence of Moldova, part and residence of the Lăpușna County (1991-2003), and in 2003 became administrative unit of Moldova.

Geography

Hîncești district is located in the central part of the Republic of Moldova. Does proximity to these districts: in northwest Nisporeni District, Strășeni District in north-east, Ialoveni district in east, Cimișlia and Leova districts in southern and border state with Romania on the river Prut. The landscape is predominantly hilly with heights between 100 and 350 m. The relief of the district is divided into three areas: Codru - forest hills, the forests and hilly steppe, steppe of Prut. 1. Codru area - forests are characterized by very complicated terrain. From north to south, the territory is intersected by the river Cogalnic with Galbena River. 2. Forest area - steppe, is characterized by relief quieter. From north to south within the area is intersected by the Lapusna river and Sărata river- a tributary of the Prut. 3. Prut steppe - zone is characterized by quieter and less wooded terrain. This area is crossed by the river Călmățui, which in Turkish translates - "white matter". Erosion processes differ in each area. Maximum altitude in district 350 meters.

Climate

The climate is moderate continental, distinguished by an unstable character. The average air temperature is equal to +10 C. The average temperature in January -4 C, absolute minimum -30-32 C and in July the average temperature 22 C, maximum 39 + 40 C. Annual rainfall 500 – 650 mm.

Fauna

Fauna typical European way with the presence of mammals such as foxes, hedgehogs, deer, red deer, wild boar, wild cat, ermine, ferret, wolf and others. Of birds: egret, owl, crows, sparrow, starling, stork and others.

Flora

Forests occupy 18.5% of the district area, consisting of oak, linden, maple, beech, acacia and others. Plant: denial, bell, knotweed, nettle, wormwood and others.

Rivers

The largest river, which crosses the Prut River district in the western tributaries: Lapusna, Sarata. And river basin Cogalnic River (183 km), which flows into the Black Sea. Most lakes are of natural origin.

Administrative subdivisions

• Localities: 63
  • Administrative center: Hincesti
    • Cities: Hincesti
      • Villages: 24
        • Communes: 38

Demographics

1 January 2011 the district population was 122,000 of which 13.8% urban and 88.2% rural population

• Births (2010): 1455 (11.9 per 1000)
• Deaths (2010): 1829 (14.9 per 1000)
• Growth Rate (2010): -374 (-3.0 per 1000)

Ethnic groups

Religion

• Christians - 98.6%
  • Orthodox Christians - 95.3%
  • Protestant - 3.3%
    • Baptists - 1.9%
    • Seventh-day Adventists 0.9%
    • Evangelicals - 0.3%
    • Pentecostals - 0.3%
• Other - 0.9%
• No Religion - 0.5%

Economy

District economy is the 31,518 registered economic entities, including 15 factories of wine, 2 factories producing alcohol, 1 part by producing soft drinks, 14 bakeries, a part of producing pasta, 7 departments of conservation and drying fruit, 2 sections for producing sausages, a factory manufacturing shoes and leather goods room, a part of producing articles of clothing, furniture manufacture two sections, 3 sections for production of concrete building blocks. Agriculture is the economic branch of the district. All agricultural land is privately owned. 93 361 ha in the district are Hancesti agricultural land, including arable land 62.3%, 17.5% vineyards, 6.0% orchards.

Education

In Hincesti district working 59 educational institutions, including: total number of students, including in schools - 18,908 children, in College of Construction - 350 students, in professional schools versatile - 600 students. Currently the educational institutions of district teachers operate in 1600.

Politics

Traditional Hincesti district, political and electoral support, right-wing parties, particularly AEI. In district, PLDM has the highest percentage in all districts of Moldova. PCRM is a continues fall percentage.

During the last three elections AEI had an increase of 99.0%

Elections

Culture

In district works: two museums, artistic works 77, 13 bands, holding the title of the band - model.

Health

In Hincesti district works: two hospitals with general fund of 540 beds, a center of family doctor's in the composition of which are 25 family physician offices, 14 health center's, 18 health points. In health care population of district operates: 183 doctor's, 554 personal care environment, 472 medical staff and auxiliary.

Tourism

The council of the Romanian Vaslui County, the county councils of the Moldovan Leova and Hînceşti districts, and the European Union (through the Phare program), have set up a program which seeks to promote tourism in these regions.^[1] The main tourist attractions of the Vaslui-Hînceşti-Leova touristic program are, among others, the medieval and early modern churches and monasteries, the Manuc Bei Hunting Palace and the Manuc - Mirzaian Manor Palace (similar to Manuc's Inn in Bucharest) in Hînceşti, as well as the region's natural riches.

• Landscape reserve "Hincesti Forest"
• Natural reserves of medicinal herbs (Sărata-Galbenă, Loganesti)

External links

• Vaslui-Turism.ro - Cultural Religious Itineraries - Tourism website for Hînceşti District

Referencies

1. ^ Itinerarii cultural religioase

• District population per year
• General description of Hincesti district
• Talk: Hincesti district
• Results of 2010 Parliamentary election